Chronic CR is different from acute or subacute CR, having a persistent, diminished pain with poor response to conservative treatment. Prolapse of the nucleus pulposus from tear annulus fibroses usually occurs in young patients and causes acute CR while subacute CR mainly in patients with cervical spondylosis. It is suggested that smoking might be a risk factor of CR. Degenerative changes at the C6-C7 level are the most frequent cause of CR that lead to C7 radiculopathy. Other causes of CR, like tumors or spinal infections, are less common. The patients usually complain about neck and upper extremity pain with paresthesia, motor function loss, and/or reflex changes in dermatomal or myotomal distribution of the affected nerve root. CR is defined as dysfunction of cervical spinal nerves and/or cervical spinal roots caused by compression and inflammation of the nerve roots by degenerative changes near cervical foraminal space (spondylosis) or as a result of disc herniation. Cervical radiculopathy (CR) is a common condition occurring with an annual incidence rate of 63.5 to 107.3 per 100,000 for women and men, respectively.
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